New Mexico's Chaco Canyon was once the center of the most influential culture in the American Southwest. 1.The purpose of the construction of the Fajada Butte calendar. Chaco Canyon was the center of the ancestral Puebloan world, home to immense great houses as high as five stories tall and containing as many as 800 rooms, cavernous kivas built so that dancers . Dr. Gerald S. Hawkins, Commissioner, History of Astronomy, International Astronomical Union'A captivating look at one of the most impressive archaeological sites in North AmericaAnna Sofaer reveals the solar and lunar complexity of Chacoan buildings with impressive visual economy and clarity. Once home to the Ancient Puebloans, Chaco Canyon was a major center of ancestral Puebloan culture between 850 and 1250 A.D. By 1000 A.D., the Chaco culture had firmly established a spiritual, political, and economic center serving the Four Corners area. The film reveals that between 850 and 1150 AD, the Chacoan people designed and constructed massive ceremonial buildings in a complex celestial pattern . For general inquiries, please use our contact form. DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2023.103876, Provided by For decades, people have wondered how ancient ancestral Puebloans transported heavy building materials to Chaco Canyon, one of the most important archaeological sites in the Southwest. "As these guys showed, you don't have to be super trained to carry a log," he said. The Mystery of Chaco Canyon and The Sun Dagger are available for HOME use and for EDUCATIONAL use. Ancient Desert Mystery Did Thousands Vanish Without A Trace Because Of An Ominous Prophecy And Revenge? February 17, 2014 Chaco Canyon in New Mexico is one of the largest archeoastronmical sites in the world. Most large complexes had four or five stories and averaged over 200 rooms, with the largest boasting as many as 700 rooms. Kram hypothesized that they pulled it off with tumplines straps that allow freight to be suspended from the top of the head, making it physiologically easier to lug heavy loads. Keep up with all the latest news, arts and culture, and TV highlights from KPBS. Shining light on the astronomical brilliance of the austere civilization of Chaco Canyon Narrated by Robert Redford. But first, we need you to sign in to PBS using one of the services below. Well hear their analysis, and what they think life may have been like for the child and her family. That astonishment was Krams entry point into the mystery. These and other bizarre encounters suggest the park may be a portal between our world and distant star system. Since time immemorial and across the world archaic cultures symbolically, mythically, and ritually accompanied the configuration and weighting of the habitat as well as the placement within. But how this society got its construction supplies has been a long-standing mystery. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds toupgrade your browser. Joan Mathien, Archaeologist, National Park Service'I rate this video a MUST-SEE for anyone interested in southwestern prehistory.' But how this society got its construction supplies has been a long-standing mystery. Wilson and Kram rest their log on supports called "tokmas." The Mystery of Chaco Canyon. Get weekly and/or daily updates delivered to your inbox. America's Stonehenge?America's Stonehenge?America's Stonehenge? It is the summation of 20 years of research. They hit a hiking pace with the log of just under 3 mphnot much slower than their normal walking speed. In dialogue and narrative, one deeply feels that Chaco is haunted, magical. He read a statistic suggesting that the mass of a typical roof beam, or viga, in a Chacoan Great House likely averaged around 275 kilograms (more than 600 pounds). THE MYSTERY OF CHACO CANYON examines the deep enigmas presented by the massive prehistoric remains found in Chaco Canyon in northwestern New Mexico. There is one account of the timbers for Pueblo Bonita being hauled on little wagons made of a small tree, with a cross-section at either end serving as a rudimentary wheel. The number, Kram discovered, could be traced back to a study published in the 1980s. New Mexico's Chaco Canyon is home to some of the most impressive pre-Columbian architecture in the Western Hemisphere. Workable solstice horizon calendars are now confirmed at Casa Chiquita, Kin Kletso, Headquarters Site A, Wijiji, Bis saani, and 125 m from Roberts Small Pueblo at 29SJ 2538/2539. When I watched this I had mixed feelings. Seventy miles from the nearest town and accessible only by washboard dirt roads, it's remote by today's standards. The roads around Chaco Canyon would have been wide enough to accommodate a line of people walking next to each other in a row - an ideal setup for Kram's multi-person tumpline theory. I also felt that the place had been meant only for a certain time and a specific purpose, which thought was echoed at the end of the film. "Some people baked sourdough bread during COVID, Instead, we carried sand and heavy logs around using our heads," said Kram, who is a passionate runner in his free time. Two hours later a rock chimney allows a narrow beam of sunlight to pass through, forming a Sun Dagger that illuminates the petroglyphs beneath it in a dynamic manner, similar to the solar marker located upon Fajada Butte in Chaco Canyon. Airs Wednesday, July 3, 2019 at 11 p.m. on KPBS TV. Hundreds of mysterious, ancient structures haunt this canyon and the entire region, meticulously aligned along the paths of the Sun, Moon, and constellation Orion. Examines the enigmas presented by the prehistoric remains found in Chaco Canyon in New Mexico. Archaeology February 22, 2023 How scientists hauling logs on their heads may have solved a Chaco Canyon mystery by Daniel Strain, University of Colorado at Boulder James Wilson, left, and. Dr. R. Gwinn Vivian, Ex-Curator of Archaeology at the Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona. Ever since she discovered the Sun Dagger, Anna Sofaer and her Solstice Project team of researchers have been exploring the enigmas posed by the massive prehistoric ruins in Chaco Canyon, New Mexico. This small calendar allowed for those living at Chaco Canyon to determine the beginning . Now researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder say they may have solved this 1,000-year-old supply chain mystery. Colorado Sun. Ad Choices. Millions of years of history reveal . Your email address is used only to let the recipient know who sent the email. New CU Boulder research finds that overweight populations have a 22% higher mortality risk than those of healthy weight, while obese populations have as much as double the risk. They first tried carrying a log on their shoulders. The number, Kram discovered, could be traced back to a study published in the 1980s. Chaco Canyon sits near the border between New Mexico and Colorado. They attempted their final test on a forest road leading to Gross Reservoir southwest of Boulder, carrying the timber using tumplines on either end. The Late Bonito calendrical Great Houses may have been intended as pilgrimage destinations where people could witness a dramatic solstice sunrise or sunset. The duo and their colleagues described their experiment Feb. 22 in the Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports. James Wilson, left, and Rodger Kram, right, use tumplines to carry a log weighing more than 130 pounds in Boulder's Chautauqua Park. THE MYSTERY OF CHACO CANYON helps students to appreciate the scientific and cultural achievements of a significant civilization in pre-Columbian North America. These achievements emerged a thousand years ago in the exceptionally demanding environment of New Mexicos San Juan Basin. It fits with all the evidence: they used tumplines, they made the roads very wide, Kram said. famous site in the Southwest called Chaco Canyon, Majority of students masked up amid early COVID days, Excess weight, obesity more deadly than previously believed, Tend to get sick when the air is dry? The Mystery Of Chaco Canyon reveals that, instead, Chaco was a complex ceremonial center with extraordinary astronomical alignments of buildings and roads. But how this society got its construction supplies has been a long-standing mystery. The SSE orientation tradition continued during the peak of Bonito Phase construction activity (A.D. 1020-1100). Weiner said the team's results show that supplying Chaco Canyon with goods may not have been as back-breaking an undertaking as archaeologists once assumed. You can convince people if you show that something is actually feasible," Kram said. - Feb 24, 2023 9:00 pm UTC. Please select the most appropriate category to facilitate processing of your request. Half hour versions of both films are avaliable for teaching (please emailinfo@bullfrogfilms.comfor this option). See page 43 of attached scanned book. Archeologists estimate that the main architectual landmark, the great Kiva of Chetro Keti, was . PBS is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization. Archaeological evidence suggests thatancient peoplesin the Southwest employed tumplines woven from yucca plants to transport everyday items like food and water. Rodger Kram, associate professor emeritus of integrative physiology, and James Wilson, then an undergraduate studying biochemistry, spent the summer of 2020 training for an impressive test of endurance: Together, they carried a ponderosa pine log weighing more than 130 pounds for 15 miles up and down a forest road in Boulder County, Coloradoand they did it using only their heads in a technique inspired, in part, by sherpas in Nepal. To make sure they were being safe, Kram and Wilson started with light loads and worked their way up, said Joseph Carzoli, a study co-author and certified strength and conditioning coach. Cinematography by Steve Bannister [and 15 others]; computer animation by the Imaging Research Center; music, Michael Stearns; editor, Matt Dibble. Did you know the U.S. has a pre-historic Puebloan place of mystery that has . The Mystery of Chaco Canyon TV Movie 1999 56 m IMDb RATING 7.3 /10 212 YOUR RATING Rate Documentary America's Stonehenge? Weiner said the teams results show that supplying Chaco Canyon with goods may not have been as back-breaking an undertaking as archaeologists once assumed. Kram said the next step is to do more experimental work - this time, on location at Chaco Canyon, where they can demonstrate the tumpline method works as they trace the ancient hauling routes of the ancestral Puebloans. That still left a bigger question unanswered, though. The team's findings open up a new understanding of the day-to-day lives of the people who shaped the Southwest more than a thousand years ago, said study co-author Robert Weiner. They help porters to support weight using the bones of their neck and spine rather than their muscles. It beckons night sky tourists with its spectacular treasures. It is the summation of 20 years of research. They used sticks called "tokmas," which Nepalese sherpas also employ, to take breaks, resting the log without lowering it all the way to the ground. I've heard people say: That's our church. "As these guys showed, you don't have to be super trained to carry a log," he said. It is the summation of 20 years of research. Understanding that it was sacred to a People was what mattered. The Mystery of Chaco Canyon is an historical fiction, a mystery and a love story set against the background of the American Civil War in the Southwest. You've just tried to add this show to My List. They estimated that a 16-foot-long pine log weighed closer to 85 kilograms, or just over 185 pounds. Abstract. Speaker: Anna Sofaer and her colleagues Robert Weiner and Richard Friedman. The irritation paid off. The irritation paid off. We can remove the first show in the list to add this one. Dr. T.J. Ferguson, Anthropologist/Archaeologist'A stunning piece--the graphics are astounding and the entire production is powerful.' "Tumplines allow one to carry heavier weights over larger distances without getting fatigued," said Wilson, now a medical student at the CU Anschutz Medical Campus. Why did this society, ancestors of. These timbers brought pieces of the sacred mountains to Chaco Canyon.. 1999. That's five miles round trip.. I cut a 1-foot-long section of pine and weighed it on my bathroom scale, said Kram. So how did the ancestral Puebloans manage it? The structures and ruins are protected from destruction and development and . The Mystery of Chaco Canyon - Ritterbush - 2001 - American Anthropologist - Wiley Online Library Skip to Article Content Skip to Article Information Once you get it positioned so that it's right on the crown of your head, then the load lines up with your neck and with the rest of your spine, Kram said. Instead, they were hoping to solve an archaeological mystery that has perplexed researchers for decades: How did ancient peoples transport more than 200,000 heavy construction timbers over 60 miles to a famous site in the Southwest called Chaco Canyon? This program presents evidence that the Chacoan people expressed a complex solar and lunar cosmology in their magnificent architecture.The Mystery of Chaco Canyon, airing Monday, October 31, 2011 at 9 p.m. on WXXI-TV/HD (DT21.1/cable 11 and 1011), examines the deep mysteries presented by the massive prehistoric architectural remains found in Chaco Canyon in northwest New Mexico. Ten years after the events described in Massacre at Point of Rocks, Dan and Roque joined by Doa Loca and Jicarilla Apache, Peregrino Rojo, are set on a quest by a dying Masonic brother. Everybody else who was hiking there scratched their head and asked us what the heck we were doing, Kram recalled. The average logs that were carried to build these great houses at Chaco were about 16 feet long, so I multiplied it by 16, he said. Gazing at the horizon: heavenly phenomena and cultural preferences within northwest Scotland? 2023 Cond Nast. THE MYSTERY OF CHACO CANYON presents new discoveries about the intricateastronomical knowledge of an ancient Pueblo Indian people, ancestors of todays Pueblopeople. I cut a 1-foot-long section of pine and weighed it on my bathroom scale, said Kram, who lives on a wooded property in the hills west of Boulder. You can unsubscribe at any time and we'll never share your details to third parties. More information: WIRED Media Group Then the researchers hit on the idea of tumplines, which are depicted in ceramic effigiesrecovered from close to Chaco Canyon. I have found that a majority of the studied Chacoan structures to conform to one or more of four architectural traditions that have astronomical associations. Riddle Of The Ancient Sarcophagus And Its Strange Properties Can Science Solve This Mystery? Kram and a fellow researcher decided to test out the theorized method in the foothills outside of Boulder. The new Great Houses built during the Late Bonito phase at Chaco after A.D. 1100 are all either involved in inter-site cardinal NS alignments, or positioned at or in proximity to observing locations that can function as solstice calendrical stations. "These timbers brought pieces of the sacred mountains to Chaco Canyon.". These straps, which sherpas, or native mountain peoples of Nepal, still widely use today, loop over the top of the head. I multiplied by 16 feet and realized, That cant add up to 275 kilograms.. But first, we need you to sign in to PBS using one of the services below. Jen is a web producer at KPBS, responsible for program promotion, online membership-related activities, and is the editor of the KPBS community calendar. Thousands of people, the ancestors of today's Din, or Navajo, and Pueblo peoples, may have lived there from around A.D. 850 to 1200. Researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder may have solved a 1,000-year-old supply chain mystery: How did ancient ancestral Puebloans transport heavy building materials to Chaco Canyon, one of the Southwests most important archaeological sites? The sample of Chacoan Great Houses assessed for astronomical associations was unchanged from the mid 1990s to 2007. 22K views 1 year ago The Mystery Of Chaco Canyon examines the deep enigmas presented by the massive prehistoric remains found in Chaco Canyon in northwestern New Mexico, revealing that. He read a statistic suggesting that the mass of a typical roof beam, or "viga," in a Chacoan Great House likely averaged around 275 kilograms (more than 600 pounds). "The mountains are the most sacred places for the descendant Din and Pueblo peoples. He and Wilson weren't trying to start a new exercise fad. Were thrilled to announcethat our award-winning film, The Mystery of Chaco Canyon is nowstreaming on Amazon Prime CLICK HERE, You can now purchase the DVD of our full-length documentary on Amazon CLICK HERE, Rent and stream the full version on Vimeo CLICK HERE. Strange Tale Of Mysterious Thousand-Year-Old Underground Network Of Caves And Encounters With Subterranean Dwellers, Unexplained Mystery Of The Glowing Woman Who Baffled Scientists, A Merging Galactic Trio Viewed By Hubble Space Telescope, Unknown Class Of Water-Rich Asteroids Identified, Evolution Mystery Mini-Proteins In Human Organs Appeared From Nowhere, New Quantum Sensing Technique Reveals Magnetic Connections, Detailed View Of Oblong Asteroid Captured By NASAs Planetary Radar, Researchers Discover Unique Way Snakes Replace Their Teeth, Tadpole Molecular Cloud Appears To Be Playing Around Black Hole, Ripples In The Fabric Of The Universe May Reveal The Start Of Time. Pueblo Bonito, a Chaco Canyon "Great House," once spanned hundreds of rooms and was several stories tall. Kram developed his own theory about how the Chacoans managed the feat, starting with his realization a few years ago that the assumptions since 1980 about the mass of a typical roof beam (viga) used in one of the great houses was likely too high: 275 kilograms, a bit more than 600 pounds. They recall the brilliant knowledge of the ancestors that gave them control over natural forces, but suggest also the corrupting effect of such power. University of Colorado Boulder Regents of the University of Colorado They first tried carrying a log on their shoulders. The Mysterious Books Of Prophecies Of The Knights Templar Where Are They Hidden? Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no The content is provided for information purposes only. Tumplines are hardly a new innovation. "I multiplied by 16 feet and realized, 'That can't add up to 275 kilograms.'". The sun beam lines up with different spirals or edges on the equinoxes and solstices. These elaborate roads and kivas aren't visible to the naked eye or even through aerial photography. In a new study, several researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder reenacted a small part of a trek that people in the Southwest United States may have made more than 1,000 years ago. Ancient Chaco. That astonished CU Boulder Integrative Physiology Professor Rodger Kram. Rina Swentzell, Architect, Santa Clara Pueblo, Sofaer, Anna (film director) video produced and directed by Anna Sofaer. Others have suggested that the timbers were rolled rather than carried to construction sites, perhaps bundled within smaller wood pieces for protection or carried on the shoulders. Yearning to be the center of everything, when we are the center of nothing: The parallels and reversals in Chaco, Hubble, and Facebook, "The Sky Starts at Our Feet: Anasazi Clues about Overcoming the Mind/Body Dualism through the Unity of Earth/Sky, A Sensory Approach to Exotica, Ritual Practice, and Cosmology at Chaco Canyon, MRES Thesis: The Fluteplayer of Chaco Canyon, Ritual, Timelessness, and Lived Experience in the Pueblo World, Materialities of Place: Ideology on the Chacoan Landscape, The Beginning of Prehistoric Settlements of the American SouthwestThe Beginning of Prehistoric Settlements of the American Southwest, Rock Art Studies: A Bibliographic Database_North America_United States_Arizona, Rock Art Studies: A Bibliographic Database_North America_United States_New Mexico, Unheard Voices, Part 1: The Astronomy of Many Cultures -- A Resource Guide, Rock Art Studies: A Bibliographic Database_North America_United States_Southwest_Navajo Rock Art, Great Houses, Shrines, and High Places: Intervisibility in the Chacoan World. Existing customers, please log in to view this film. The complexes also featured large circular ceremonial areas called kivas. One such road, the Great North Road, connects the central canyons ceremonial buildings across 35 miles of desert to a steep badlands canyon in the North a direction of profound significance to descendant Pueblo people. The ancient Native American ruins of a Great House in Chaco Culture National Historical Park That photograph influenced many of the proposed mechanisms for transporting the logs. Astronomical analysis of 10th to 12th century A.D. cultural evidence at Chaco Canyon New Mexico began in the 1970s. The activities in the Guide are primarily for grade-levels 5-12, although they also may be useful to college students. Explore how the Chacoan people expressed a complex solar and lunar cosmology in their archMoreMore, Chaco Canyon, located in northwest New Mexico, is perhaps the only site in the world constructed in an elaborate pattern that mirrors the yearly cycle of the sun and the 19-year cycle of the moon. W. David Laird, Books of the Southwest'The video, then, is a multi-leveled phenomenon, like Chaco, which embraces complexity, beauty and mystery.' Search For His Seal Continues, Proof That Neanderthals Ate Crabs 90,000 Years Ago Is Another Nail In The Coffin For Primitive Cave Dweller Stereotypes. When a load is positioned at the top of the head, the spine supports the weight and it doesnt fatigue muscles. The duo wanted to find out if such a journey would be possible. Thank you for taking time to provide your feedback to the editors. An icon used to represent a menu that can be toggled by interacting with this icon. It was a long, hard day.. 167-175. Surprisingly, these buildings that required such large investment of labor and planning reveal little evidence of residential use. The canyon itself has been carved from ancient sea beds by centuries of erosion. The Mystery of Chaco Canyon. "Once we corrected the mass of the timbers," Wilson said, "that changed almost everything about how many people were required to carry those timbers, how much time it would take to cover 60 miles.". Building upon Hayes and Leksons assessments of orientations, temporal analysis of these four traditions may improve our understanding of shifting patterns of multi-cultural collaboration and dominance among ancestral Pueblo groups. The irritation paid off. Instead, they were hoping to solve an archaeological mystery that has perplexed researchers for decades: How did ancient peoples transport more than 200,000 heavy construction timbers over 60 miles to a famous site in the Southwest called Chaco Canyon? Thousands of people, the ancestors of today's Din, or Navajo, and Pueblo peoples, may have lived there from around A.D. 850 to 1200. The study found that about 1 in 6 adult deaths in the U.S. are related to excess weight or obesity. The film has also streamed at 130 colleges and universities where 5,000 viewings have taken place in classrooms, student centers, dorm rooms and apartments for a total time viewed of 1,800 hours. Cosmographic concepts of the world edifice can be regarded as holistic, multi-layered models of evolving human ecosystems, which, by using symbolic language, helped man making the world homely and transcending the profane. Kram rewrote history when he published a paper showing the Chaco logs were actually much lighter, weighing closer to 200 pounds. With Chaco Canyon now declared a national park and UNESCO World Heritage site, visitors to Chaco Culture National Historical Park in New Mexico can marvel at the remains of 12 great houses and more than 4,000 areas of archaeological interest in the rocky landscape. In a new study, several researchers at CUBoulder reenacted a small part of a trek that people in what is today the SouthwestUnited States may have made more than 1,000 years ago. "I had Dr. Kram and James initially focus on walking greater and greater distances with what felt like light tumpline training loads," said Carzoli, who earned his doctorate in integrative physiology from CU Boulder in 2022. The EDUCATIONAL version has an accompanying Teachers Study Guide. The duo and their colleaguesdescribed their experimentFeb. 22 in theJournal of Archaeological Science: Reports. It seemed unrealistically high to him. He and Wilson, who was then an undergraduate in biochemistry at the University of Colorado, Boulder, read up on the properties of dried wood and published their conclusions last year. Chaco Canyon sits near the border between New Mexico and Colorado. The most uncomfortable part, Wilson noted, was the strap of the tumpline rubbing into his head. Kram got interested in Chaco Canyon several years ago. Once we corrected the mass of the timbers, Wilson said, that changed almost everything about how many people were required to carry those timbers, how much time it would take to cover 60 miles., Peeking out of adoorway inside Pueblo Bonito. He and Wilson werent trying to start a new exercise fad. Well-paced and absorbing, simultaneously poetic and analytical, this film provides a new benchmark of understanding for serious studies of ancestral-Pueblo astronomy and culture.' [DVD] examines the deep enigmas presented by the massive prehistoric remains found in Chaco Canyon in northwestern New Mexico. And they decided to test whether the journey was possible themselves. This third orientation tradition may represent some form of cultural affiliation with contemporary Rio Grande Valley people based upon comparison to previous orientation studies conducted by Lakatos, or it may perhaps represent an alternative cosmological intent. 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Chaco Culture For over 2,000 years, Pueblo peoples occupied a vast region of the south-western United States. Concepts of housing the world are implemented in the architecture of lodgings, cultic buildings, settlements, territories, and the artificial shaping of the landscape. The teaching materials in the Guide are designed to be used with the film THE MYSTERY OF CHACO CANYON. Kiva: Journal of Southwestern Anthropology and History, Cosmology, Calendars, and Horizon-Based Astronomy in Ancient Mesoamerica, Astronomy and Cultural Diversity. They hit a hiking pace with the log of just under 3 mphnot much slower than their normal walking speed. I am the Rural and Small Communities Reporter at KUNC. Understanding all aspects of the thing wasn't important to me. University of Colorado at Boulder. This film is relevant to secondary- and college-level courses in Social Studies, Earth and Space Science, Traditional Literature, Pueblo Culture, Art, Symbols, and Architecture, . The film reveals that between 850 and 1150 AD, the Chacoan people designed and constructed massive ceremonial buildings in a complex celestial pattern throughout a vast desert region. The Mystery of Chaco Canyon: Unveiling the Ancient Astronomy Since its release in 2000, our award-winning film, The Mystery of Chaco Canyon, has aired more than 10,000 times on 95% of PBS stations across the country. Nonetheless, there is general acceptance among archaeologists of the idea that visual astronomy had a role in Chacoan culture, if for no other reason than to provide a calendrical system. "I had Dr. Kram and James initially focus on walking greater and greater distances with what felt like light tumpline training loads," said Carzoli, who earned his doctorate in integrative physiology from CU Boulder in 2022. THE MYSTERY OF CHACO CANYON examines the deep enigmas presented by the massive prehistoric remains found in Chaco Canyon in northwestern New Mexico.