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Incorporating coarse and very-coarse particles during aeration will improve infiltration rates and perhaps improve stability in the rootzone. zone layering. As always, soil fertility tests are the best method to guide your fertility program. There are several factors that influence the effective HOC, as compared to the bench HOC, so it is important to check what is happening in the field at a particular mower setting. C. Seeding rate: total 6-12 lbs./1000 sq. Keep in mind that nitrogen sources can affect the severity of different diseases. Control thatch to help produce a healthy plant. thatch.) 4. D. After 80% coverage, light grooming weekly only small amounts of leaf tissue are removed during any Ultradwarf bermudagrasses like TifEagle and Champion were developed in the late 1990's and have performed well on golf courses in our region since that time. Greens rollers: Turfline Vibratory Greens rolling system Vibratory roller set to fit John Deere 2500 Very Good condition sn UR21447 . In addition, verticutting removes removes excessive tissue. Deep rooting should be encouraged If This creates a truer putting surface with very little guess work; it is a beautiful dark green color and is a very resilient grass. TifEagle Guide To No-Till TifEagle Management 0000=NoTill Book 7/24/07 9:52 AM Page 1. Hollow-tine aeration is typically performed in late spring and midsummer but timing and intensity vary greatly based on regional differences. tungsten carbide tipped. quality putting surface, superior to Tifdwarf, that meets The type of sand used varies, but many have implemented a two-sand system where a sand with fewer coarse particles and no very-coarse particles (> 1 mm) is used for routine topdressing. (not color), usually 0.5 to 1.5 lbs/1000 (0.25-0.75 to set an even higher standard for the 21st century. One of the main differences between bentgrass putting greens and ultradwarf bermudagrass putting greens is the way in which they grow. (5-7.5 kg/100m2, particle size on the finer side of the cool conditions >Verticut the greens and collars in a minimum of two directions (preferably three) down to the thatch/soil interface to remove as much of the TifEagle has been shown to tolerate mowing 2-3 times per day at a height of 0.112". Compared to bentgrass, ultradwarfs (which include Champion, Mini Verde, and Tifeagle) grow much more agressively both vertically and horizontally. As with most diseases, it is important to implement sound cultural practices to manage organic content, promote good drainage and enhance overall turf health to reduce disease severity. The course installed a TifEagle put-ting green and chipping green three years ago to evaluate the ultradwarf variety for possible future use. Primo. Thus, TifEagle is not recommended for collars. Caution: Since plant growth regulators usually lessen Greens with detrimental 2 lb/1000 sq ft (1.0 kgs/100m2). provide optimum putting speeds with true ball rolls. Official websites use .gov 5. Improving winter hardiness: A number of potassium levels on soil reports and maintain high P and Monthly archive. periods of active growth. Insist on TifEagle. III. Lets take a look at what you can expect to putt on when you play your next round in the Myrtle Beach area. Use heavier applications if necessary to fill in Use a soluble source (not slow release) for 10. Turf Talk is brought to you by Oaks Course Superintendent, John Fields. Several morphological The last option would be to raise the height. well on all types of greens if they have good surface and However, regular roguing of all bermudagrass greens is Typical use rates in the summer months are around 3 fluid ounces per acre, per week. evaluation at university research stations since 1988, and beginning Lightly irrigate the green to provide lubrication for the verticutting blades. A 4-yr experiment was conducted in southern Florida, on a US Golf Association (USGA)-specified green to examine the effect of topdressing and vertical mowing frequency on ultradwarf bermudgrass cultivars Champion, TifEagle, and FloraDwarf for primarily quality, growth, tissue N and K, and ball roll distance. Alternate NH4NO3/(NH4)SO4 with complete analysis Weed Control: Remove broadleaf and grassy control spring transition. immediately after planting each section of a green. Both MiniVerde and TifEagle grow much quicker than regular dwarves; MiniVerde grows twice as fast as TifDwarf, while TifEagle peaks at a mere 50% faster. grooming and light topdressing. front roller or somewhere in front of the bedknife) D. Topdress lightly and drag in with a carpet. topdressed with sand after sod is rooted to minimize root benefit from vertical mowing in two directions, whereas growth. N 0.5 lb/1000 2 times per week during active growth. High quality putting (stolonize) the greens perimeter at a slightly higher E. In the northern part of the transition zone, II. Pest management requirements are similar to Tifdwarf. ft. E. Irrigate as needed to keep seed bed moist throughout the day during germination and seedling establishment. Keene says that the differences in manage-ment practices between Tifdwarf and TifEagle makes for extra work in having different mowing and verticutting heights and schedules. Suggested alternatives are micro particle or highly soluble granular materials. reduce surface firmness and reduce dry spots. B. management practices are specific to TifEagle. Light and frequent topdressing accomplishes many things in ultradwarf putting green managment. B. Two covers should be used when temperatures are forecast to reach 15 degrees Fahrenheit or lower. N 0.5lb/1000 sq ft P 2 lb/1000 sq ft or 2.5-3 lbs/cu. fungicide applications for 3 to 4 weeks after seeding are 46(1). TifEagle is encouraged to review these suggested Excellent putting Sufficient Some superintendents Heavy infrequent irrigation is preferable to frequent 1. Overseeding can weaken the turf, especially in height as much as possible in the autumn will improve Vertical mowing is often suspended during periods of stress or limited growth. It takes an intense management program to deliver the putting turf. In recent years, researchers have developed an assortment of new grasses, including ultradwarf and paspalum. internal root zone drainage and no water-holding pockets. Paspalum is certainly the newest grass to hit the golf industry in recent years. 2. can also be effective. Aside from mitigating winter injury issues, playability during winter months also needs to be considered. least two directions, and the surface firmed with a As a mentor and longtime USGA agronomist once told me, Topdressing is to a putting green as slate is to a pool table.. Use only freshly harvested, cool Mowing: Do not allow TifEagle to grow A lock ( 3 weeks in the spring and autumn when the grass is Fertility needs vary based on location and length of growing season, but common practices include a larger application of a slow-release granular fertilizer in late spring followed by spoon feeding small amounts of nitrogen fertilizer e.g., 0.10-0.30 pounds of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet every one to two weeks throughout the summer growing season. has shown that TifEagle plots treated with Primo, at the It thrives in the warmer climates of Southern California. Planting rate is similar to Tifdwarf.At least 80% of the putting surface should be uniformly covered with grass sprigs. Topdressing is to a putting green as slate is to a pool table., "The setup for light verticutting is critical. Making our greens putt true. Several morphological characteristics give TifEagle its unique advantages: $ excellent root system development and structure$ high quality putting surfaces at cutting heights of 0.125" and lower$ rhizomatous rather than stoloniferous growth habit$ superior color under cool conditions$ tolerance to verticutting$ rapid regrowth from mechanical injury. Superior color under Mowing height: Mow your grass at the height Mow at D. Increase fertility to encourage bermudagrass growth. These grasses are sterile, meaning that their seed is not viable. green. The goal is to be light and frequent so that there is no significant disruption to playability.". USGA Green Section Record. High quality, vigorous sprigs With its unique growth habit, Emerald Dwarf Bermudagrass creates a tight, firm putting surface with very little grain. when temperatures are very hot. fall when growth has slowed down. freezing temperatures. planting. Start early in the spring when micro-environments, shade, wind movements, etc. A. to successful Spring transition with Tifdwarf should be Ultradwarf putting greens have come a long way since they became popularized in the 1990s. Maintain N:K ratio at least 1: 1, increase to 1:2 prior to cool weather. Management programs have evolved considerably since the ultradwarfs were originally adopted, so this article is intended to provide an up-to-date overview of general maintenance practices for all things related to ultradwarf management. thatch layers will need to be covered when temperatures It for one fills in any inconsistencies in the putting surface, adds firmness, reduces the impact of grain, reduces algae, and most importantly dilutes the soil profile, leading to better water infiltration, more oxygen for roots, and disease prevention. Once the greens are killed, they are scalped and verticut twice, removing the top two to four inches of the green. Research has shown that inadequate maintenance of TifEagle will result in thatchy and inferior putting surfaces. (typically in 10 to 14 days) gradually reduce irrigation ft.) or otherwise treated to eliminate contaminating seeds and vegetative plant parts. Is this the best putting surface? TifEagle also recovers quickly from mechanical mishaps, has good color and is very tough in all weather conditions. How long does it take a golf green to recover from Verticutting? . Sprigbed (Stolonbed) preparation: The shown to be satisfactory. growing slow (e.g. soil surface moist, but not saturated. c. Use consistent, good quality top-dressing sand. TifEagle can, needed to produce the putting surface required by your California from 1993 to1997. 2. Gradually raise the mowing height in the soil will fix the soil problems, but potentially causes Emerald Dwarf provides a smooth putting surface that can still perform well in extreme hot or cold conditions. B. 1-2 heavy applications to fill depressions. Therefore, each superintendent considering TifEagle is encouraged to review these suggested management practices to determine if the Greens Committee and golf course budget will support the required management inputs. We have new equipment for topdressing, mowing, brushing, rolling, verticutting, and grooming - all as a result of these grasses and the demands for higher quality putting surfaces. It is an excellent grass with thicker, tougher leaves and stems than that of bermudagrass and can be mowed very low. As always, be sure to follow all labeled directions when applying plant protectants and growth regulators. (4.5mm) shortly after shoot growth is initiated. The sprigbed should be fumigated at a rate of Fairy ring requires applications in spring and summer for best control, and if mini-ring or take-all root rot (TARR) are problematic, applications should be initiated in early summer. a box with a reinforced sealed plastic liner to exclude speed and consistency even club players are beginning to demand. Excessive vertical mowing can damage greens and open up the turf canopy to infestations of moss and algae. Sands are typically incorporated with a brush or drag mat, followed by irrigation. The exact amount to raise the HOC varies regionally, but a general guide is to increase the HOC by 25% heading into fall, and another 25% heading into winter dormancy (Richardson and Booth, 2021). Spring transition: Practices that have led to successful spring transition with Tifdwarf should be successful when incorporated into the TifEagle management protocol. sunlight to produce healthy turf. A suggested alternative is to use Certified Tifway or Tift 94 sod. A. Backtrack verticut the green. This is probably due to the ability TifEagle was bred, evaluated, developed and released by Wayne Hanna at the Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton, GA. TifEagle was evaluated on over 25 golf course environments from North Carolina to Barbados and California from 1993 to 1997. of vigor and ability to survive. IV. A suggested alternative for collars is Certified TifSport smoother and consistent putting greens. Spring transition: Practices that have led Items such as mowing and rolling frequency, verticutting, clipping yield, topdressing rates and PGR applications all tell a story when the data is collected daily and analyzed at the end of the week, month or year. C. Coverage should be 100% within 60 days. bedknife closer together. aeration, water infiltration and rooting are common. depressions. adjusted according to test recommendations before Use sod grown and maintained at 3/8-1/2". Brushing lifts turfgrass plants before they are mowed. Weed Control is similar to Tifdwarf. in the sprigs. C. Coverage should be 100% within 45 days thatch by verticutting 1.25 inches (30mm) deep in late The wonderful summer stress tolerance of the ultradwarfs is well understood and documented. throughout the day during germination and seedling of the problem rather than providing carbohydrate TifEagle, Tifgreen combines very fine texture with beautiful green color. 9. 7. every 3 weeks to improve root growth, plant health, and 3mm sounds good if you have a thatch issue. Off types have not been a problem on TifEagle greens. temperatures, cloudy weather, rain, etc). mechanical sand rake or comparable machine combined with managing this mat layer will depend on season, weather, These grasses have changed the entire industry in the regions they are planted and managed. 11. Want advice on management practices and fertility requirements during grow-in? In most areas, topdressing ceases or is significantly reduced during these times. C. Seeding rate: total 10-20 lbs/1000 sq. Friday: Sunny intervals with a strong wind (20mph+) maximum rates: Unhealthy thatch has very little sand mixed A healthy mat Since then, natural mutations in Tifdwarf have resulted in the selection of ultradwarf bermudagrasses commonly used today, including MiniVerde and Champion. active The video shows you a proven method to remove thatch in a Tif-Eagle putting green. enhance infiltration. " There are DNA markers for TifEagle, Champion and Mini-Verde at this time, but not for the myriad of off-types that exist. Topdress after grass has grown sufficiently such that the topdressing material does not completely cover grass blades, usually four weeks. 6. As a warm-season turfgrass, the ultradwarfs are susceptible to winter injury and special measures should be taken to reduce the risk of turf loss. Research has shown that inadequate maintenance of hydrophobic conditions. growth and after vertical mowing or aerification. of play (higher cut to tolerate more traffic), Rates are reduced in the winter and are often applied at a low rate of 1-3 ounces per acre every two weeks throughout winter. Improve the speed, consistency and playability of your greens. Most fungicide applications are typically needed between fall and early spring, with a few exceptions. stoloniferous growth habits Benefits | Research Data | TifEagle Sales | Golf Course Installations USGA website (www.usga.org) for details on how tine size The mutation was selected out of Tifgreen putting greens in South Carolina and researchers propagated this field stock and released Tifdwarf in 1965. 1/2 inch (12mm). Contact Info | International turf density. least once daily at 0.156 inch (4.0mm) or lower during However, regular roguing of all bermudagrass greens is important to maintain genetic purity and putting quality. 2. General considerations: TifEagle responds to most management practices in a manner similar to Tifdwarf. Scalping: The closer mowing heights on the The resources allocated to keep bentgrass on life support during southern summers e.g., pesticides, frequent hand watering and walk mowing are typically redirected to maintenance practices that produce high-quality putting surfaces. on days when the temperature is greater than 90F small things can add up to improved winter hardiness. 2. TifEagle is a very fine-textured dwarf bermudagrass, tolerant of 3mm mowing height and uniquely adapted to intensively managed golf greens in the Southern Hemisphere. Tifeagle features unique advantages for golf courses and theirsuperintendents; after all, their reputation rides on the quality of their greens. It would be wrong to characterize ultradwarfs as being low-maintenance grasses, but they can deliver good results across the budget spectrum as long as maintenance resources match expectations. thatch layer, soil that is incompatible with the greens Thatch B. It will be extremely water quality, etc), greens slope and contours, health of A typical frequency for topdressing ultradwarf greens is weekly during the summer growing season. Leaves 10.2 mm long and 1.14 mm wide. Nice mow and light topdress application afterwards is lights out. Many superintendents find that optimum results occur when the weekly application rate is split in half and applied twice weekly during the summer growing months. have been overseeded with Poa trivialis since 1994. The more frequent approach minimizes impact to the golfer and has little to no recovery time. Insist on TifEagle. It is especially important to rogue foreign contaminants such as 5-20-20 on a weekly basis. the front roller on the mowers to bring the roller and can tolerate much closer mowing than Tifdwarf. Soil test at least monthly to check P and K status When planting 3. 2. Limiting water may also help limit the Poa Use particle SGN (size are below 25F. be continued on a weekly or biweekly schedule when grass Paul Jacobs is an agronomist in the Central Region and enjoys working with courses in the transition zone and farther south to help improve the conditioning of their ultradwarf putting greens. sprigs. turf vigor, a growth regulator may also make the turf is slightly less than 1/2 inch (12mm). quality and thin the overseed canopy. TifEagle is similar to other bermudagrass varieties in that it requires full sun for optimum growth. green is also important. C. High rates of N will intensify thatch buildup. 2008. This mutation had finer leaf texture, darker color and could tolerate lower mowing heights than Tifgreen. including frequent topdressing, verticutting, Surface preparation: Mow at 0.125 inch location, weather and fertility rates. with a triplex mower equipped with vertical mowing heads Avoid overseeding during the year of establishment. and nutrient management regimes because organic matter A suggested alternative is to use Certified Tifway or Tift 94 sod. Several morphological characteristics give TifEagle its unique advantages: High quality putting surfaces at cutting heights of 0.125 inch (3.2mm). However, as a result of its distinct genetic like all bermudagrasses, needs adequate sunlight. It is a quality turf that is being used insub tropic and tropical regions where brackish or salt water is used for irrigation. Contact Info | International However, it is important to remember that there is no one-size-fits all program for managing any turf type. Each golf course will be different and each green on the 5. If dry sand is used, Some of this problem can be solved by reversing there is a chance for winterkill. ways to help prevent thatch. B. The following bullets outline the backtrack verticutting process: The most commonly used PGRs on ultradwarf greens are trinexapac-ethyl (Primo Maxx) and prohexadione calcium (Anuew). be lower than 20F (minus 8C). I started using this trick back in Naples, Florida 10 years ago when I grew in the course at Calusa Pines Golf Club. Light and more A . Typical height of cut (HOC) during the summer months varies but is often in the range of 0.100-0.125 inch. and faster greens speeds than TifEagle not treated with wetting of the surface is suggested to compact the A. Carrying many great characteristics of a strong root system and short mowing capabilities allows Jensen Ultra dwarf to work well on golf courses. However, this is not a cookbook for ultradwarf management as decisions need to be made that are specific to each course.